Our newly developed BaTiO3/P-rGO (Barium Titanate/Phosphorus-reduced Graphene Oxide) anode material showcases exceptional electrochemical performance, synthesized from recycled battery materials. This innovative nanocomposite offers remarkable charging and discharging specific capacities of 740 mAh g⁻¹ and 824 mAh g⁻¹, respectively, far surpassing the typical 372 mAh g⁻¹ capacity of conventional graphite anodes. After 100 cycles, it maintained a stable specific capacity of 428 mAh g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.1 A g⁻¹, highlighting its superior durability and longevity compared to graphite, which tends to experience faster capacity fading over time. Even under high current density conditions of 2 A g⁻¹, the BaTiO3/P-rGO anode sustained a reversible capacity of 355 mAh g⁻¹ after 65 cycles, demonstrating consistent performance under demanding operations—an area where graphite generally struggles due to higher degradation at high current densities.
The Nyquist plot further underscores BaTiO3/P-rGO’s superiority in conductivity, with Rs (solution resistance) and Rct (charge transfer resistance) values of 2.01 Ω and 23.11 Ω, respectively, which are significantly lower than those of conventional graphite anodes. These lower resistance values translate to faster charge and discharge rates, enhanced efficiency, and better performance overall. In contrast, graphite anodes, though stable, exhibit higher resistance, leading to slower charging times and lower energy efficiency. With its impressive electrochemical properties, superior to both graphite and various graphene-based alternatives, and a sustainable manufacturing approach using recycled materials, BaTiO3/P-rGO stands as a groundbreaking anode material, set to revolutionize the future of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
